In the part 3 of 3 of this article, I will explain the last three of the technology areas related to vehicle to everything (V2X) in the car industry. These are: Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P), Vehicle to Home (V2H) and Vehicle to Grid (V2G).
Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P)
The concept is simple: Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P) will reduce road accidents by alerting pedestrians crossing the road of approaching vehicles and vice versa. It’s expected to become a smartphone feature beginning in 2018.
V2P will require the presence of Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) capabilities in vehicles. The DSRC version of V2P will be replaced by a higher-performance LTE version starting in 2020.
The V2P will particularly benefit elderly persons, school kids and physically challenged persons. V2P establishes a communications mechanism between pedestrians’ smartphones and vehicles and acts as an advisory to avoid imminent collision.
Of the current 86 V2P technologies listed by the US Department of Transportation, none are yet commercially available but a number are currently undergoing field tests. A particularly fruitful approach to developing effective V2P products is a research partnership between telecom and automotive companies.
Vehicle to Home (V2H)
Vehicle to Home (V2H) is a two-way street, with the vehicle powering the home and vice versa based on cost and demand for home energy. The car battery is used for energy storage, taking place when energy is cheap or “green.”
The V2H communication involves linkage between a vehicle and the owner’s home, sharing the task of providing energy. During emergency or power outages, the vehicle’s battery can be used as a power source.
During power outages, power from a vehicle’s battery can be used to run domestic appliances. In areas with frequent power outages, the battery can be used to buffer energy to avoid flickering, and it can be used as an emergency survival kit.
It’s expected that V2H will kick into higher gear in 2019, playing a significant role when the number of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) and Electric Vehicles (EVs) make up over 20% of the total new cars sold in the United States.
There are other approaches to utilizing an EV’s battery for home use, such as some currently available devices that can not only charge a battery, but also supply the stored electricity to the home.
Vehicle to Grid (V2G)
Vehicle to Grid (V2G) communication is a system in which EVs communicate with the power grid to return electricity to the grid or regulate the vehicle’s charging rate. It will be an element in some EVs like plug-in models and is used as a power grid modulator to dynamically adjust energy demand.
A benefit of V2G is helping maintain the grid level and acting as a renewable power source alternative. This system could determine the best time to charge car batteries and enable energy flow in the opposite direction for shorter periods when the public grid is in need of power and the vehicle is not.
V2G is an extremely relevant area because it creates the obvious need for cities to start thinking and planning now about how they will support a large-scale EV society. Otherwise, energy utility companies will be in a panic situation and may resort to drastic measures such as rationing energy per household.
Conclusion
Having smarter, safer cars and communications systems for the drivers, pedestrians and cyclists who can be impacted by these vehicles could turn around this trend.
Communication is the next frontier of car technology, and this is the bedrock of all the V2X capabilities appearing in the future. Add to that, the aspects of flexible electricity storage and usage, and V2X becomes an even more promising technology.
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